Xanthan gum itself is a single substance with a consistent chemical structure, but there may be variations in its properties based on factors such as the manufacturing process and the specific strain of Xanthomonas campestris bacteria used in its production. However, these variations typically fall within acceptable quality standards, and xanthan gum is considered a standardized product.
The different grades or types of xanthan gum available in the market are usually categorized based on their particle size, purity, and specific applications. Here are some common classifications:
Food Grade Xanthan Gum: This is the most common type used in the food industry. It meets strict purity and safety standards and is used as a thickening and stabilizing agent in a variety of food products.
Pharmaceutical Grade Xanthan Gum: Manufactured to meet the specific requirements of the pharmaceutical industry, ensuring high purity and quality standards. It may be used in pharmaceutical formulations for its thickening and stabilizing properties.
Industrial Grade Xanthan Gum: This type is used in non-food industrial applications, such as in the production of cosmetics, adhesives, and drilling fluids in the oil industry.
Oilfield Grade Xanthan Gum: This grade is specifically designed for use in oil drilling applications. It provides viscosity and stability to drilling fluids.
Cosmetic Grade Xanthan Gum: This grade is tailored for use in cosmetic and personal care products, providing thickening and stabilizing properties.
It's important to note that while there may be different grades, they all share the same basic chemical structure. The choice of grade depends on the intended application and the specific requirements of the industry or product. Additionally, the specifications for xanthan gum are often set by organizations such as the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as regulatory agencies in different countries. These standards help ensure the safety and quality of xanthan gum across various applications.